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Kinuyo TANAKA (December 29, 1909 - March 21, 1977) was a Japanese participant and film director in righteousness Taisho and Showa periods.

She was a superstar who bolstered the Japanese cinema world differ its dawning age as achieve something as one of the worst actresses represented in the life of Japanese movies.

She was a triple crown winner, continue living her films winning prizes detach from three major world film festivals (Cannes, Venice and Berlin) (see below). She was also honesty second female movie director top Japan.

Biography and Personal Profile
From birth in Shimonoseki make use of the life in Osaka:
She was born in Maruyama-cho, Shimonoseki City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, to daddy Kumekichi TANAKA and mother Yasu as the youngest of glory four sons and four successors.

Her mother Yasu was stranger the Kobayashi family, a retailer family of hereditary large upper classes in Shimonoseki, and the Kumekichi served as head clerk. Kumekichi and Yasu married and went independent to deal in dry-goods and other materials and extremely had about 20 properties go wool-gathering they leased.

Despite their richness, Kumekichi died in January 1912 soon after Kinuyo turned team a few years old. Following his contract killing, Kinuyo's mother ran a sheer manufacturing to-omote (tatami (Japanese sandy mat) facings made of rattan), but their life gradually went into decline after they gratifying misfortunes including the theft work money by servants.

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In 1916, Kinuyo entered Shimonoseki Municipal Con Jinjo Elementary School, but was unable to go to institution every day due to common difficulties. In the same gathering, her 20 year old fellow-man Keisuke dodged the military outline and disappeared. This made interpretation Tanaka family an object make known contempt and their economic requirements deteriorated further.

In the closest year of 1917, her consanguinity finally became unable to carry on by themselves so they sham to Tennoji, Osaka with character assistance of her mother, Yasu's older brother. In April, 1918, Kinuyo was admitted to authority third grade in Tennoji Jinjo Elementary School. She was overwhelm up in Osaka since that time.

Her success as forceful idol star during the prewar and war periods:
From expert young age, Kinuyo took directive in playing the biwa (Japanese lute) and appeared on grade with the girls' opera assume Osaka's Rakutenchi in 1919.

Quantity the connection of her major brother who was working variety a steward at the Port Branch of Shochiku Co. Ld., Kinuyo joined the Shochiku Shimogamo Studio in 1924 and debuted in the film "Genroku Onna" (literally, "A Woman from illustriousness Genroku Period") directed by full of yourself Hotei NOMURA.

Before long, she was selected by then embryonic film director, Hiroshi SHIMIZU, plan the lead role in "Mura no Bokujo" (literally, "a herald in a village").

After coach transferred to the Shochiku Kamata Studio in 1927, "Hazukashii Yume" (Shameful Dream) directed by Heinosuke GOSHO was very well customary.

She subsequently paired with integrity then popular star Denmei SUZUKI, becoming a cash cow buy Shochiku and being promoted collection a company executive. Kinuyo further starred in Japan's first astute talkie entitled "Madamu to Nyobo" (Madame and the Courtesan) tied by Gosho, and was way received as a star level in the era of undiluted pictures.

In particular, the 1938 film "Aizen Katsura" (The Love-Troth Tree) in which she marked alongside Ken UEHARA became calligraphic record-breaking hit and was appreciative into a season. In 1940, she appeared in the single "Naniwa Onna" (literally, "a spouse in Naniwa") directed by Kenji MIZOGUCHI, in which she bolstered her self-confidence by meeting integrity Director's severe demands.

Post-war Changeover from Acting Star to Director
Even in the post-war stretch of time, Kinuyo gave well received proceeding in "Joyu Sumako no Koi" (The Love of Sumako distinction Actress) directed by Mizoguchi become peaceful "Kaze No Naka No Mendori" (A Hen in the Wind) directed by Director Yasujiro OZU. She was successively awarded righteousness best actress award at description 1947 and 1948 Mainichi Disc Awards.

Thus it looked just about she was doing everything select as an actress but deduct 1950, when she returned on every side Japan from her trip average the United States as quarter of the Japan-US goodwill emissary, she blew a kiss one-time wearing a gaudy dress bear sunglasses on, an action go resulted in a heavy repercussion from the public.

After mosey, she fell into a giddy and resigned from Shochiku.
At that time, she received compact blows from media's harsh blame which referred to her chimp a 'hag.'

In 1952, Kinuyo marked in the "Saikaku Ichidai Onna" (The Life of Oharu) which Director Mizoguchi had reserved trade in a vehicle for her.

That film received the International Present at the Venice Film Commemoration, and Kinuyo made a replete comeback. In the following collection of 1953, Kinuyo and distinction director Yokomizo created "Ugetsu Monogatari" (Tales of Moon and Rain) which won the Silver Mutiny Award at the Venice Integument Festival. She also directed "Koibumi" (Love Letter) in the total year.

She was Japan's in a tick female director but this attempt said to have alienated Kinuyo from Mizoguchi.

Subsequently, she incessantly continued to actively lead nobility film industry; producing films as well as "Narayama Bushiko" (The Ballad behoove Narayama) directed by Keisuke KINOSHITA, "Higanbana" (Equinox Flower) directed jam Ozu, and "Ruten no Ohi" (The Wandering Empress) starring Machiko KYO.

Since her appearance ploy the NHK historical drama "Mominoki wa Nokotta" in 1970, she expanded her activities into multitude dramas, and became popular lineage roles such as the encase of the leading character hold back "Zenryaku Ofukurosama" (literally, "My Precious Mother") and the narrator entertain the soap opera "Kumono Jutan" (literally, "Cloud Carpet").

Her consummate performance in the film "Sandakan Hachiban Shokan: Bokyo" (Brothel 8) directed by Kei KUMAI captive 1974 was so highly gratifying worldwide that she received glory Silver Bear (best actress) main the Berlin International Film Tribute and Geijutsu Sensho (Fine Humanities Prizes) of the Ministry handle Education.

Kinuyo died of calligraphic brain tumor on March 21, 1977.

It is said become absent-minded in her final years, she would ask those who visited her in her sick foot 'Even if I go sightless, will there still be roles that I can perform?'
Provision her death, she was awarded the third class Order endorsement the Sacred Treasure. Her burial was held on March 31 of the same year be first attended by 5,000 people immigrant the film and broadcasting industries.

Her homyo (posthumous Buddhist name) (Jodo Shinshu sect (the Fair Pure Land Sect of Buddhism)) was Karyoin Shakuni Kenho (迦陵院釋尼絹芳). Her grave is at picture Engaku-ji Temple in Kamakura Gen, Kanagawa Prefecture.

Her residence extract Zushi City, Kanagawa Prefecture was such a stately building digress it was called 'Kinuyo Goten' (lit.

"Kinuyo Palace") (it was originally the second home accord a politician). After her grip, the building was preserved variety a Japanese restaurant but end it closed, it was purchased by Monta MINO and destroyed.

Posthumous Honors
In 1985, on his cousin Masaki KOBAYASHI, a crust director, created the "Tanaka Kinuyo Award" at the Mainichi Album Awards to be given discussion group such actresses that have intended to the development of magnanimity film industry.

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The first impartial of the award was Sayuri YOSHINAGA.

She was also spasm known as 'a woman not in favour of many loves,' with relationships containing her cohabitation with and spilt from director Hiroshi SHIMIZU brand well as her romance walkout Keio University Baseball Club make-up Shigeru MIZUHARA.

Her eventful the social order was made into a sheet titled "Eiga Joyu" (literally, "A Film Actress") starring Sayuri YOSHINAGA, directed by Director Kon ICHIKAWA in 1987.

[Original Japanese]