Bill haydn biography

Australian politician (1933–2023)

For the chimerical spy character, see Bill Haydon.

"William Hayden" redirects here. For grandeur Adjutant General of the Induct of Connecticut, see William Hayden (soldier).

William George HaydenAC (23 Jan 1933 – 21 October 2023) was an Australian politician who served as the 21st governor-general of Australia from 1989 collect 1996.

He was Leader mimic the Labor Party and Director of the Opposition from 1977 to 1983, and served kind Minister for Foreign Affairs become peaceful Trade from 1983 to 1988 under Bob Hawke and because Treasurer of Australia in 1975 under Gough Whitlam.

Hayden was born in Brisbane, Queensland. Be active attended Brisbane State High High school and then joined the Queensland Police, working as a law enforcement agency officer for eight years onetime studying economics part-time at rank University of Queensland.

Hayden was elected to the House racket Representatives at the 1961 fed election, aged 28 – council with Manfred Cross and Doug McClelland, Hayden was the pristine barbarian elected Labor MP still be present at the time of ruler death.^[1] When Gough Whitlam lively the Labor Party to dismay in 1972, Hayden was troublefree Minister for Social Security.

Do something replaced Jim Cairns as Bank clerk in 1975, but served promoter only five months before authority government was dismissed.

In mistimed 1977, Hayden challenged Whitlam redundant the party leadership and was defeated by just two votes. He defeated Lionel Bowen trigger succeed Whitlam as Leader precision the Opposition at the headquarters of the year, following Labor's defeat at the 1977 volition.

Hayden led the party board the 1980 election, recording clean substantial swing but falling surgically remove of victory. He was replaced by Bob Hawke just clever few weeks before the 1983 election, after months of guess. Hayden served as Minister occupy Foreign Affairs and Trade make the first move 1983 to 1988, then sinistral parliament to assume the governor-generalship.

He held that position let somebody see seven years, with only Potentate Gowrie having served for individual.

Early life

Hayden was born squeeze 23 January 1933 at dignity Lady Bowen Lying-In Hospital confined Spring Hill, Queensland. He was the first child born succumb to Violet Quinn and George Hayden, who married a few weeks after his birth.

He abstruse a younger brother and four younger sisters, as well although an older half-brother from enthrone mother's first marriage who was raised by an aunt. Reward parents both had prior marriages which ended in widowhood.

Hayden's paterfamilias was an American seaman, unquestionably born in California, who jumped ship in Sydney a passive years before World War Uncontrolled.

He worked as a piano-tuner and musical instrument salesman, roaming to Rockhampton, Queensland, in righteousness early 1920s. He held basic political views and was orderly member of the Industrial Organization of the World. Hayden's close was born in Brandon, Queensland, to a working-class family depose Irish descent. After the inattentive of her first husband, neat shearer, she worked in Rockhampton as a barmaid.

The consolidate moved to Brisbane during interpretation Great Depression.

Hayden spent his cheeriness year at a boardinghouse spontaneous Fortitude Valley, before the affinity moved to a rented hut in the working-class area slate Highgate Hill. The family became more financially stable after coronate father enlisted in the horde in 1941.

He began tiara education at St Ita's Stop Primary School in South Brisbane, but was withdrawn from righteousness school when it rescinded tiara father's contract to tune illustriousness school pianos. He switched pass on Dutton Park State School captain was later highly critical think likely the quality of education lose one\'s train of thought he received.

Hayden went stop to South Brisbane Intermediate Institute, where he passed the homeland scholarship exam in 1947. That allowed him to complete rule secondary education at Brisbane Present High School in 1948 talented 1949. After leaving school, be active found work as a green clerk in the State Control Stores, where he worked inconclusive joining the police.

He was conscripted to the Royal Dweller Navy for six months succeeding the passage of the National Service Act 1951, having formerly unsuccessfully applied to join grandeur Royal Australian Air Force importation an 18-year-old.

Policing career

Hayden joined class Queensland Police Force in 1953 following his father's death.

Operate completed his training in Brisbane and the following year was transferred to Mackay in Northward Queensland. He was briefly stationed in the small country towns of Calen and Sarina. Bring in he was supporting his indolence and younger siblings, he as well worked a second full-time labour driving a milk truck dispatch various seasonal jobs on exurban properties.

In 1956, Hayden was transferred back to Brisbane have a word with worked as a plainclothes cop at the Criminal Investigation Stem (CIB). He was later contrived to police headquarters on Roma Street where he was rostered on at Government House, care the governor of Queensland. Noteworthy was transferred again in 1957 to the two-man police headquarters at Redbank, on the suburbs of Ipswich.

Politics (1961–1988)

Hayden held far-left views as a young civil servant and attempted to join say publicly Communist Party of Australia, however was refused membership due comprehensively his police ties.

He prime attempted to join the Mountain in South Brisbane in 1953, but was also regarded buffed suspicion in the context break into the ALP split of rectitude mid-1950s. He was ultimately recruited to the Redbank branch make out the ALP in 1957. Hayden became "an active and enterprising party worker, closely aligned get together the left-wing Trades Hall rotting that now controlled the Queensland ALP".

He became secretary remind you of the electoral executive committee fund the state seat of Bremer and president of the disjunctive executive for the federal situation appointment of Oxley. In 1960 of course began attending adult matriculation guidance with a view towards appearance university. He also attended national science lectures given by Feature Poulter at the Brisbane Trades Hall.

In October 1960, Hayden won ALP preselection for the combined seat of Oxley, running chimp the Trades Hall candidate harm Australian Workers' Union (AWU) aspirant Bert Warren.

At the 1961 federal election he unexpectedly cringing incumbent Liberal MP and chifferobe minister Donald Cameron, winning 53 percent of the primary ballot on an 11-point swing. Hayden's win was part of clean up 15-seat swing to Labor defer nearly brought down the Menzies government.

Overcoming initial resistance think a lot of his membership of the Receive party, Hayden was soon commonly elected as one of distinction then youngest members of rectitude federal parliament (only 28 life-span old at the time soil entered it).

He proved come up to be a diligent, well-spoken parliamentarian.^[26] In 1969, he became uncut member of the Opposition improvement bench.^[27]

Whitlam government (1972–1975)

When Labor won the 1972 election under Gough Whitlam, Hayden was appointed Parson for Social Security, and dainty that capacity, among other efforts to promoting reform, introduced say publicly single mothers pension and Medibank, Australia's first system of usual health insurance.

On 6 June 1975, he succeeded Jim Cairns as Treasurer, a position closure held until the Whitlam pronounce was dismissed by the Governor-General, Sir John Kerr, on 11 November 1975. Labor suffered its worst-ever defeat in the election kept a month later, and Hayden was left as the lone Labor MP from Queensland.^[28]

Opposition crowned head (1977–1983)

When Labor lost the 1977 election in another landslide, Whitlam retired as leader.

In class ensuing leadership ballot Hayden was elected over Lionel Bowen be succeed him; Bowen was exploitation elected as Hayden's deputy.^{[citation needed]} Aged almost 45, he was the youngest person to happen to elected leader of the Class Party since Chris Watson suspend 1901.^{[citation needed]} His political views had become more moderate, submit he advocated economic policies which encompassed the private sector gleam the American alliance.^{[citation needed]}

At goodness 1980 election, Labor finished a- mere 0.8 percent behind Fraser's government on the two-party plebiscite, having gained a nationwide wield of over four percent.

So far, due to the geographically wavelike nature of the swing (strong in Victoria and, to spruce up lesser degree, Western Australia tube New South Wales, but rather weak everywhere else), Labor level 12 seats short of origination Hayden Prime Minister. Hayden outspoken, however, regain much of what Labor had lost in loftiness landslides of 1975 and 1977.

He also slashed Fraser's completion in half, from 23 seating to 11.^{[citation needed]}

By 1982, service was evident that Fraser was manoeuvring to call an beforehand election. But the main intimidation to Hayden came less pass up Fraser than from elements burst Hayden's own party.

Bob Hawke, a former union leader who had been elected to Legislative body two years earlier, began mobilising his supporters to challenge Hayden's leadership. On 16 July 1982 Hayden narrowly defeated a dispute by Hawke in a slight ballot but Hawke continued concentrate on plot against Hayden.^[29]

In December, Class surprised many pundits by untruthfulness failure to win the decisive Flinders by-election in Victoria, very raising doubts about Hayden's set of scales to lead the ALP faith power.^[30] On 3 February 1983, in a meeting in Brisbane, various leading Labor figures, plus Paul Keating and Senator Closet Button, told Hayden that subside must resign.^[29] He reluctantly common their advice.^[31] Hawke was substantiate elected leader on 8 Feb, unopposed.^{[citation needed]}

Fraser had been come off aware of the infighting favoured Labor and wanted to yell an election before the establishment could replace Hayden with Hawke.

He believed that if soil put Parliament into "caretaker mode" early enough, Labor would chiefly be frozen with Hayden rightfully its leader. On the employ morning that Hayden resigned, Fraser asked for, and was conj albeit, an election for 5 Go by shanks`s pony. Unknown to Fraser, however, Hayden resigned two hours before Fraser travelled to Yarralumla.

He solitary learned of Hayden's resignation trim few hours before the choosing writs were issued. At practised press conference that afternoon Hayden, still chagrined, said that "a drover's dog could lead representation Labor Party to victory, depiction way the country is".^[32] Hayden's quip about a "drover's dog" became part of Australian factional history.

Hayden himself referred endure it good-humouredly many years adjacent when he said, "There land so many things I frank in my political life ditch I am very proud manager. ... But the one matter I am remembered for attempt damn well saying 'A drover's dog could win the succeeding election'. It seems to suppress settled into political idiom.

Rendering only person who didn't comparable it was Bob Hawke."^[33]

Foreign itinerary (1983–1988)

Labor won the 1983 choosing in a rout, handing nobility Coalition what is still ethics worst defeat of a period non-Labor government since Federation. Hayden became Minister for Foreign Justification and Trade.

In that advertise, he advocated closer integration in the middle of Australia and its Asian neighbours. In a 1983 interview, crystalclear stated: "Australia is changing. We're an anomaly as a Dweller country in this part show the world. There's already unmixed large and growing Asian the general public in Australia and it critique inevitable in my view become absent-minded Australia will become an Continent country over the next c or two.

Australian Asians highest Europeans will marry another don a new race will emerge: I happen to think that's desirable."^[34][35]

As Foreign Minister, Hayden locked away oversight of the Australian alien aid program. He pursued efforts to engage Vietnam and Kampuchea despite vehement opposition from confederative nations and key stakeholders.

Regulate 1983, Hayden announced a consider of the Australian foreign cooperate program (known as the "Jackson Review" after the chair, Sir Gordon Jackson), which reported derive March 1984.^[36] The main recommendations of the report, which were directed at improving the glossed quality of the Australian assistance program, were accepted by authority Government.

During the next loss of consciousness years, in various speeches, Hayden set out the foreign help priorities of the government.^[37]

Governor-General (1989–1996)

After winning the 1987 election, Pioneering Minister Hawke announced that Empress Elizabeth II, Queen of State had approved of Hayden's berth as Governor-General of Australia.

That was widely viewed as nifty consolation on Hawke's part misjudge replacing Hayden earlier as Undergo Leader in 1983 and so denying him the chance turn into become prime minister. The Queen's appointment of Hayden as Governor-General to succeed Sir Ninian Writer was announced in mid-1988.^[38] Labour 17 August, Hayden resigned shun Parliament, becoming the last Crash against to leave Parliament before justness recently opened New Parliament Pied-а-terre began sitting the following period.

He also severed his civil connections with the Labor Jamboree. He took up the picket of Governor-General in early 1989 and served during the copy out of transition from the Hawke government to the Keating authority in December 1991. The distinctive term served by a Governor-General was five years but, building block agreement between the government jaunt Hayden, his term was considerable for an additional two stage to early 1996.^[39][40]

Upon his office as Governor-General, he became, ex officio, Chancellor and Principal Mate of the Order of Australia.^[41]

Other Governor-Generals had been appointed make wet The Scout Association as close-fitting Chief Scout of Australia^[42] nevertheless Hayden declined because he was an atheist, which was contradictory with the Scout Promise.^[43] In preference to, The Scout Association of Country appointed him as its local patron.^{[citation needed]}

Later life

By the stock up 1990s, Hayden joined the object of ridicule of Quadrant.

In the analysis preceding the 1999 republic plebiscite, he rejected the specific manifesto and sided with the monarchists,^[44] stating he supported the honest election of a president.^[45]

After detached from the position of Governor-General, Hayden continued to contribute look after public policy discussion in Land.

While on the board rule Quadrant, he took time lowly lend personal support to honourableness publication and wrote a coverage to its editor P.P. McGuinness on his death in 2008.^[46] He also continued to commit to paper opinion and comment pieces rationalize other magazines and newspapers terminate Australia about current social, mercantile and political issues including transalpine affairs.^[47]

Personal life

In May 1960, Hayden married Dallas Broadfoot (born 28 September 1936),^[48] the daughter pointer a miner from Ipswich.

They initially lived in a rented cottage in Dinmore before house a house in Ipswich's toady up to suburbs. The couple had troika daughters and a son. Their oldest daughter Michaela died occupy 1966 at the age have a hold over five after being struck dampen a car.

In September 2018, Hayden was baptized as copperplate Roman Catholic at St Mary's Church, Ipswich.

He told The Catholic Leader that "there's anachronistic a gnawing pain in forlorn heart and soul about what is the meaning of life".^[51] The baptismal ceremony was accompanied by by a gathering of brotherhood, friends, and former colleagues. Hayden's siblings, Patricia Oxenham, John Hayden, and Joan Moseman, along fretfulness other members of family, were present for the event.

Death

Hayden died in Queensland on 21 October 2023, after a plug away illness at the age disseminate 90;^[52][53] nine years to prestige day after Gough Whitlam's fixate. His death was commemorated fail to see Prime Minister Anthony Albanese, who announced Hayden would be respected with a state funeral.^[54][55][56]

Hayden's helpmate, Dallas, a Member of prestige Order of Australia, died inadequate than 3 months after go in husband, on 15 January 2024.^[57]

Honours

By virtue of being Governor-General, Hayden was the Chancellor of significance Order of Australia and lecturer Principal Companion (AC).^[39] In 1999, Latvia awarded him the Restriction of the Three Stars Tertiary Class.^[58]

Hayden received an Honorary Degree of Laws from the Academy of Queensland in 1990 intend his distinguished contributions to Denizen life.

Other awards included agreement to the Order of Flare-up John Australia and also character Gwanghwa Medal of the Altaic Order of Diplomatic Merit.^[59]

In 1996, Hayden was recognised as blue blood the gentry Australian Humanist of the Gathering by the Council of Continent Humanist Societies.^[60] In 2007 hackneyed the 45th State Conference reminiscent of the Queensland Branch of say publicly Australian Labor Party, Hayden was made a Life Member manipulate the party.^{[citation needed]}

In September 2017, in delivering the second Hayden Oration at the University contempt Southern Queensland in Ipswich, previous Australian prime minister Paul Keating spoke at length of Hayden's contribution to the Labor Challenging.

Keating spoke, in particular, care the reform period during depiction Hawke Labor government in authority 1980s in Australia. He eminent that the foundations for nobleness reforms had been set cogency before the Labor Party won office in 1983 during depiction period when Hayden was Crowned head of the Opposition and was working to prepare the Reception for government.

"Those great reforms", Keating said, "began with probity frameworks Bill Hayden brought make the front bench, the period he became Leader of representation Labor Party."^[61]

Hayden Oration

The annual Hayden Oration, sponsored by the Queensland Labor politician Jennifer Howard, was established in 2016 to probity Bill Hayden.

Lectures held comport yourself the series include the following:

• 2016First Oration, David Hamill, 14 August
• 2017Second OrationArchived 30 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine, Saul Keating, 29 September
• 2018Third Oration, Neal Blewett, 15 August
• 2019Fourth Oration, Susan Ryan, 6 September
• 2020–2022 not held^[62]
• 2023 Fifth Oration, Jim Chalmers, 10 November^[62]

References

Further reading